外籍人士税务：常见问题

Tax is based on the amount remitted in Thai baht at the time of transfer or spending. The applicable exchange rate is taken from the Bank of Thailand on the date of the transaction. Average rates are not used; the exact daily rate applies.

To claim tax credits in Thailand, you must provide documentary evidence of German tax paid, such as:

• German tax assessments (Steuerbescheid)
• Withholding tax certificates from pensions or banks
• Proof of remittances into Thailand

Without sufficient documentation, Thailand may not grant the credit.

Learn more about the Thailand–Germany DTA in our full webinar here.

Pre-2024 funds can be remitted tax-free, but you must prove they were earned before 2024. The Revenue Department uses a ‘first-in, first-out’ method. For example, if you had €90,000 in your account at the end of 2023 and later withdrew €50,000, you can demonstrate this withdrawal came from pre-2024 savings. Bank statements are essential for proof.

Yes, digital nomads can utilise Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs) to minimise their tax liability in Thailand. Thailand has DTAs with over 60 countries.

DTAs prevent double taxation. If you are a tax resident, you can claim credits for taxes paid abroad on the same income. This lowers your Thai tax bill. For example, the US-Thailand DTA allows US expats to offset US taxes against Thai taxes. This can mean that you have no tax to pay in Thailand, but you still have an obligation to file.

We have lots of resources on Double Tax Agreements or, if you prefer, book a call with our team to discuss.

As a DTV visa holder staying in Thailand for over 180 days (i.e., all year), you are considered a Thai tax resident. You must pay personal income tax on Thai-sourced income and foreign income brought into Thailand, such as UK earnings.

The UK-Thailand DTA does not exempt you from Thai tax but prevents double taxation. You can claim a tax credit in Thailand for taxes paid in the UK on the same income, reducing your Thai tax liability.

Watch this video to find out more about how the UK-Thailand DTA works. DTAs can be complex to manage, so please don’t hesitate to contact our team if you’d like to discuss further.

If it can be proven that the work was done overseas, and the salary is not from work conducted in Thailand, then you can justify that it is not liable for tax in Thailand. However, if the work was conducted whilst living and working in Thailand, then it is potentially taxable in Thailand.

Yes. A Tax Identification Number is required before you can file a return in Thailand.

You can apply for a TIN through our secure online service. We help you gather the correct documents and complete the process without delays.

You need evidence of the foreign tax paid. This includes tax payment certificates, dividend vouchers, investment statements and brokerage summaries.
These documents must match the amounts you declare in Thailand. Without evidence the Revenue Department may refuse the credit. See our treaty download page for country-by-country guidance.

Moving crypto between wallets is not a remittance. There is no tax charge until crypto is converted into fiat or sold on a Thai exchange.

The tax trigger arises when you convert crypto into baht or another fiat currency and the funds enter Thailand. Selling crypto on a Thai exchange creates a taxable event at the point of sale. See our digital asset guidance for more detail.

Rental income from overseas property is foreign-sourced income. It becomes taxable when the money enters Thailand and the income arose in a tax-resident year.

Rental income earned in a year you are not a Thai tax resident is not taxed when remitted. Tax paid overseas may be credited against Thai tax if you keep the necessary documents.

You are a Thai tax resident if you spend 180 days or more in Thailand in a calendar year. If you do not meet this threshold you are treated as a non-resident for that year.

Residency determines whether foreign-sourced income may be taxed on remittance. The count restarts every 1 January. You can read the full rules here.

Yes, if the income is taxable in Thailand. You must file a return for any foreign income that becomes assessable when it is remitted.

You can find information on our full tax filing services here, including support for PND.90 and PND.91.

We also help with TIN applications if you do not yet have one.

Use separate accounts for different periods. Mixed accounts are harder to explain and may require first in first out analysis.

Keeping older savings in a clean account makes it easier to prove that transfers relate to pre-2024 income. This reduces the risk of accidental tax.

You pay Thai tax on foreign income only when the money enters Thailand and the income relates to a year in which you were a Thai tax resident. Income earned in a non-resident year or before 1 January 2024 is exempt when remitted.

Thailand does not tax foreign income on an arising basis. The tax applies only when both conditions align: the income must relate to a tax-resident year and the money must enter Thailand.

A clear bank transfer with full records is the safest method. This provides evidence of the amount, the date and the source.

ATM withdrawals and card spending carry more risk because the records are less clear. Planned transfers with supporting documents provide the strongest position.

Foreign income becomes taxable when it enters Thailand and the income relates to a tax-resident year. The tax does not apply if the income arose in a non-resident year.

This rule applies to salary, dividends, rent, pensions and gains on overseas assets. The tax is linked to the timing of the income and the transfer. Our full guide explains several examples that show how this works in practice.

Yes. Income earned before 1 January 2024 is permanently exempt when brought into Thailand. The Revenue Department confirmed this in Order Por.162/2566.

Evidence of when the income arose is important. Payslips, bank statements and investment records help support the exempt position.

ATM withdrawals from overseas accounts are treated as remittances. The money enters Thailand and becomes available for use.

Foreign-sourced income is income that arises outside Thailand. This includes salary, rental income, pensions, dividends, capital gains, business profits, trust income and digital asset income.

The source of income depends on where the work, activity or asset is located. Work performed in Thailand is Thai-sourced even if the payment goes into a foreign account. Work performed abroad, overseas assets and investment income are foreign-sourced.

Spending on a foreign card in Thailand may be treated as a remittance. This is because the card draws on overseas funds and the spending takes place in Thailand.

The Revenue Department has not released final rules but large or regular spending shows the use of foreign income within Thailand. A transfer with clear documentation is safer.

It is not the whole account profit that is taxed, but the gains on assets you sell and remit into Thailand. For example, if you sell shares for a gain and remit the proceeds, the gain portion is taxable in Thailand. Accurate records of cumulative gains are essential for compliance.

Foreign income is taxed for DTV visa holders who have stayed in Thailand for more than 180 days in a calendar year qualifying them as tax residents.

If this is you, you are taxed on assessable foreign income that you bring into the country. Assessable income encompasses a broad range, including income from employment, freelance work, capital gains, rental income and intellectual property.

For more information, see our article on the tax implications of the DTV visa or book a call with our team to discuss your personal circumstances.

Yes, digital nomads can utilise Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs) to minimise their tax liability in Thailand. Thailand has DTAs with over 60 countries.

DTAs prevent double taxation. If you are a tax resident, you can claim credits for taxes paid abroad on the same income. This lowers your Thai tax bill. For example, the US-Thailand DTA allows US expats to offset US taxes against Thai taxes. This can mean that you have no tax to pay in Thailand, but you still have an obligation to file.

We have lots of resources on Double Tax Agreements or, if you prefer, book a call with our team to discuss.

No, under Thailand’s remittance basis of taxation, only income remitted into Thailand in the same year it is earned is taxable. Income left overseas is not taxed in Thailand. However, starting from 2024, any income earned in that year and remitted in the same year becomes taxable. Pre-2024 savings remain exempt regardless of when remitted.

Yes. Thailand taxes only the foreign income that you remit or spend in Thailand. For example, if you earn $50,000 abroad but remit only $25,000, then Thai tax is calculated only on the $25,000.

Tax is based on the amount remitted in Thai baht at the time of transfer or spending. The applicable exchange rate is taken from the Bank of Thailand on the date of the transaction. Average rates are not used; the exact daily rate applies.

Yes, you can work remotely for a foreign company on a DTV visa without paying Thai taxes if you stay less than 180 days in a calendar year. Non-residents only pay tax on Thai-sourced income. Remote work for a foreign employer is not Thai-sourced. However, if you stay 180 days or more, you become a tax resident and any foreign income brought into Thailand is taxable and you must file a return.

For more information on the DTV and tax, see our article here. If you would like to talk it through, book a call with our team.

As a DTV visa holder staying in Thailand for over 180 days (i.e., all year), you are considered a Thai tax resident. You must pay personal income tax on Thai-sourced income and foreign income brought into Thailand, such as UK earnings.

The UK-Thailand DTA does not exempt you from Thai tax but prevents double taxation. You can claim a tax credit in Thailand for taxes paid in the UK on the same income, reducing your Thai tax liability.

Watch this video to find out more about how the UK-Thailand DTA works. DTAs can be complex to manage, so please don’t hesitate to contact our team if you’d like to discuss further.

Yes. Any funds spent in Thailand from foreign income—whether paid to a school, a landlord, or transferred to a Thai spouse—count as remittance if you are a tax resident. These amounts must be included in your Thai tax return.

To claim tax credits in Thailand, you must provide documentary evidence of German tax paid, such as:

• German tax assessments (Steuerbescheid)
• Withholding tax certificates from pensions or banks
• Proof of remittances into Thailand

Without sufficient documentation, Thailand may not grant the credit.

Learn more about the Thailand–Germany DTA in our full webinar here.

Yes, withdrawals from a Roth IRA remitted to Thailand are treated as pension income. The entire amount remitted, not just the gains, is considered taxable income.

Investments are taxed on all-time capital gains. Unlike pre-2024 cash in the bank, investment gains are taxable regardless of when the assets were acquired.

For Thai tax residents, capital gains are calculated based on the gains realised when selling assets. This applies regardless of whether the investments were held before 2024. It does not follow the “cash in the bank” rule.

Thailand currently uses a remittance-based tax system. You will only be taxed if you sell the crypto in a Thai tax year, realise a gain, and remit the proceeds to Thailand.

You can read more about cryptocurrency taxation here.

No, proceeds from selling an asset in a non-Thai tax year are not taxable in Thailand, provided the sale occurred while you were not a Thai tax resident.

Pre-2024 funds can be remitted tax-free, but you must prove they were earned before 2024. The Revenue Department uses a ‘first-in, first-out’ method. For example, if you had €90,000 in your account at the end of 2023 and later withdrew €50,000, you can demonstrate this withdrawal came from pre-2024 savings. Bank statements are essential for proof.

It is calculated on the date it arrives in Thailand (the initial date received in your account); the currency is irrelevant, it is the date the funds are remitted and received in Thailand.

The Canadian / Thai DTA is quite favourable for Thai tax residents. Pensions are only taxable in Canada and for investment capital gains you can use any tax paid in Canada as a credit.

If it can be proven that the work was done overseas, and the salary is not from work conducted in Thailand, then you can justify that it is not liable for tax in Thailand. However, if the work was conducted whilst living and working in Thailand, then it is potentially taxable in Thailand.

If you transfer your investments to Thailand, you may be subject to capital gains tax. Any tax already paid can potentially be used as a credit against the tax owed in Thailand. Remitting funds to Thailand from investments would classify as an assessable income source.

You cannot avoid or change the jurisdiction you want to be taxed if you are a Thai tax resident, and you have overseas assets. For example, a UK pensioner cannot easily get an NT tax code while being a Thai tax resident, meaning tax will usually be deducted at the source in the UK. If you then transfer funds into Thailand, it’s taxable, but you can potentially use any tax paid as a credit against taxes owed in Thailand.

Yes, in Thailand, tax residents must pay taxes on their foreign-sourced income remitted to Thailand. This means if you’re considered a tax resident in Thailand—defined as someone who spends 180 days or more in the country in a calendar year—you must include your income from abroad in your annual tax return and pay Thai taxes on it. However, to avoid double taxation (paying taxes on the same income in both Thailand and the country where the income was earned), Thailand has tax treaties with many countries that allow for tax credits or exemptions. It’s important to consult a tax professional to understand how these treaties may apply to your situation and to ensure compliance with Thai tax laws while maximising available benefits.

You can learn more about Thailand’s new rules on foreign-sourced income here. 

Not everything that is transferred into Thailand is taxed. Only assets that are classed as foreign-sourced income are liable to tax.

Not everything that is transferred into Thailand is taxed. Only assets that are classed as foreign-sourced income are liable to tax.

It is not the whole account profit that is taxed, but the gains on assets you sell and remit into Thailand. For example, if you sell shares for a gain and remit the proceeds, the gain portion is taxable in Thailand. Accurate records of cumulative gains are essential for compliance.

Foreign income is taxed for DTV visa holders who have stayed in Thailand for more than 180 days in a calendar year qualifying them as tax residents.

If this is you, you are taxed on assessable foreign income that you bring into the country. Assessable income encompasses a broad range, including income from employment, freelance work, capital gains, rental income and intellectual property.

For more information, see our article on the tax implications of the DTV visa or book a call with our team to discuss your personal circumstances.

No, under Thailand’s remittance basis of taxation, only income remitted into Thailand in the same year it is earned is taxable. Income left overseas is not taxed in Thailand. However, starting from 2024, any income earned in that year and remitted in the same year becomes taxable. Pre-2024 savings remain exempt regardless of when remitted.

Yes. Thailand taxes only the foreign income that you remit or spend in Thailand. For example, if you earn $50,000 abroad but remit only $25,000, then Thai tax is calculated only on the $25,000.

Yes. Any funds spent in Thailand from foreign income—whether paid to a school, a landlord, or transferred to a Thai spouse—count as remittance if you are a tax resident. These amounts must be included in your Thai tax return.

Yes, you can work remotely for a foreign company on a DTV visa without paying Thai taxes if you stay less than 180 days in a calendar year. Non-residents only pay tax on Thai-sourced income. Remote work for a foreign employer is not Thai-sourced. However, if you stay 180 days or more, you become a tax resident and any foreign income brought into Thailand is taxable and you must file a return.

For more information on the DTV and tax, see our article here. If you would like to talk it through, book a call with our team.

Yes, digital nomads can utilise Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs) to minimise their tax liability in Thailand. Thailand has DTAs with over 60 countries.

DTAs prevent double taxation. If you are a tax resident, you can claim credits for taxes paid abroad on the same income. This lowers your Thai tax bill. For example, the US-Thailand DTA allows US expats to offset US taxes against Thai taxes. This can mean that you have no tax to pay in Thailand, but you still have an obligation to file.

We have lots of resources on Double Tax Agreements or, if you prefer, book a call with our team to discuss.

Yes, you can work remotely for a foreign company on a DTV visa without paying Thai taxes if you stay less than 180 days in a calendar year. Non-residents only pay tax on Thai-sourced income. Remote work for a foreign employer is not Thai-sourced. However, if you stay 180 days or more, you become a tax resident and any foreign income brought into Thailand is taxable and you must file a return.

For more information on the DTV and tax, see our article here. If you would like to talk it through, book a call with our team.

As a DTV visa holder staying in Thailand for over 180 days (i.e., all year), you are considered a Thai tax resident. You must pay personal income tax on Thai-sourced income and foreign income brought into Thailand, such as UK earnings.

The UK-Thailand DTA does not exempt you from Thai tax but prevents double taxation. You can claim a tax credit in Thailand for taxes paid in the UK on the same income, reducing your Thai tax liability.

Watch this video to find out more about how the UK-Thailand DTA works. DTAs can be complex to manage, so please don’t hesitate to contact our team if you’d like to discuss further.